Chapter 319. Life Insurance Reserves

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14VAC5-319-80. Severability.

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                   Table of Contents   »  Title 14. Insurance  »  Agency 5. State Corporation Commission, Bureau of Insurance  »  Chapter 319. Life Insurance Reserves

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                      Virginia Administrative Code

                      Chapter 319. Life Insurance Reserves  14VAC5-319-10. Definitions.  The following words and terms when used in this regulation shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
 "1980 CSO valuation tables" means the Commissioners' 1980 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table (1980 CSO Table) without 10-year selection factors, incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law, and variations of the 1980 CSO Table approved by the NAIC, such as the smoker and nonsmoker versions approved in December 1983.
 "Basic reserves" means reserves calculated in accordance with §   38.2-1372  of the Code of Virginia.
 "Commission" means the State Corporation Commission when acting pursuant to or in accordance with Title 38.2 of the Code of Virginia.
 "Contract segmentation method" means the method of dividing the period from issue to mandatory expiration of a policy into successive segments, with the length of each segment being defined as the period from the end of the prior segment (from policy inception, for the first segment) to the end of the latest policy year as determined below. All calculations are made using the 1980 CSO valuation tables, as defined in this section, (or any other valuation mortality table adopted by the NAIC after January 1, 2000, and promulgated by regulation by the commission for this purpose) and, if elected, the optional minimum mortality standard for deficiency reserves stipulated in  14VAC5-319-40  B.
 The length of a particular contract segment shall be set equal to the minimum of the value t for which G t  is greater than R t  (if G t  never exceeds R t , the segment length is deemed to be the number of years from the beginning of the segment to the mandatory expiration date of the policy), where G t  and R t  are defined as follows:                         G t  =          GP x+k+t                 GP x+k+t-1             where:
 x = original issue age;
 k = the number of years from the date of issue to the beginning of the segment;
 t = 1, 2,...; t is reset to 1 at the beginning of each segment; and
 GP x+k+t-1  = Guaranteed gross premium per $1,000 of face amount for year t of the segment, ignoring policy fees only if level for the premium paying period of the policy.                         R t  =          q x+k+t                 q x+k+t-1             where:
 R t  may be increased or decreased by 1.0% in any policy year, at the company's option, but R t  shall not be less than one; and
 x, k and t are as defined above; and
 q x+k+t-1  = valuation mortality rate for deficiency reserves in policy year k+t but using the mortality of  14VAC5-319-40  B 2 if  14VAC5-319-40  B 3 is elected for deficiency reserves. However, if GP x+k+t  is greater than 0 and GP x+k+t-1  is equal to 0, G t  shall be deemed to be 1,000. If GP x+k+t  and GP x+k+t-1  are both equal to 0, G t  shall be deemed to be 0.
 "Deficiency reserves" means the excess, if greater than 0, of (i) minimum reserves calculated in accordance with §   38.2-1376  of the Code of Virginia over (ii) basic reserves.
 "Guaranteed gross premiums" means the premiums under a policy of life insurance that are guaranteed and determined at issue.
 "Maximum valuation interest rates" means the interest rates defined in §   38.2-1371  of the Code of Virginia that are to be used in determining the minimum standard for the valuation of life insurance policies.
 "NAIC" means the National Association of Insurance Commissioners.
 "Scheduled gross premium" means the smallest illustrated gross premium at issue for other than universal life insurance policies. For universal life insurance policies, scheduled gross premium means the smallest specified premium described in  14VAC5-319-60  A 3 or, if none is so described, the minimum premium described in  14VAC5-319-60  A 4.
 "Segmented reserves" means reserves, calculated using segments produced by the contract segmentation method, equal to the present value of all future guaranteed benefits less the present value of all future net premiums to the mandatory expiration of a policy, where the net premiums within each segment are a uniform percentage of the respective guaranteed gross premiums within the segment. The uniform percentage for each segment is such that, at the beginning of the segment, the present value of the net premiums within the segment equals:
 1. The present value of the death benefits within the segment, plus
 2. The present value of any unusual guaranteed cash value (see  14VAC5-319-50  D) occurring at the end of the segment, less
 3. Any unusual guaranteed cash value occurring at the start of the segment, plus
 4. For the first segment only, the excess of subdivision 4 a over subdivision 4 b of this definition, as follows:
 a. A net level annual premium equal to the present value, at the date of issue, of the benefits provided for in the first segment after the first policy year, divided by the present value, at the date of issue, of an annuity of one per year payable on the first and each subsequent anniversary within the first segment on which a premium falls due. However, the net level annual premium shall not exceed the net level annual premium on the 19-year premium whole life plan of insurance of the same renewal year equivalent level amount at an age one year higher than the age at issue of the policy.
 b. A net one-year term premium for the benefits provided for in the first policy year.
 The length of each segment is determined by the "contract segmentation method," as defined in this section.
 The interest rates used in the present value calculations for any policy may not exceed the maximum valuation interest rate, determined with a guarantee duration equal to the sum of the lengths of all segments of the policy.
 For both basic reserves and deficiency reserves computed by the segmented method, present values shall include future benefits and net premiums in the current segment and in all subsequent segments.
 "Tabular cost of insurance" means the net single premium at the beginning of a policy year for one-year term insurance in the amount of the guaranteed death benefit in that policy year.
 "Ten-year select mortality factors" means the select factors adopted by the NAIC with the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law.
 "This regulation" means Chapter 319 of Title 14 of the Virginia Administrative Code  ( 14VAC5-319 ), which also shall be known as the commission's Rules Establishing Minimum Valuation and Reserve Standards for Life Insurance Policies.
 "Twenty-year select mortality factors" means the select factors adopted by the NAIC as part of the Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model Regulation and shown in the tables in  14VAC5-319-70 .
 "Unitary reserves" means the present value of all future guaranteed benefits less the present value of all future modified net premiums, where:
 1. Guaranteed benefits and modified net premiums are considered to the mandatory expiration of the policy; and
 2. Modified net premiums are a uniform percentage of the respective guaranteed gross premiums, where the uniform percentage is such that, at issue, the present value of the net premiums equals the present value of all death benefits and pure endowments, plus the excess of subdivision 2 a over subdivision 2 b of this definition, as follows:
 a. A net level annual premium equal to the present value, at the date of issue, of the benefits provided for after the first policy year, divided by the present value, at the date of issue, of an annuity of one per year payable on the first and each subsequent anniversary of the policy on which a premium falls due. However, the net level annual premium shall not exceed the net level annual premium on the 19-year premium whole life plan of insurance of the same renewal year equivalent level amount at an age one year higher than the age at issue of the policy.
 b. A net one-year term premium for the benefits provided for in the first policy year.
 The interest rates used in the present value calculations for any policy may not exceed the maximum valuation interest rate, determined with a guarantee duration equal to the length from issue to the mandatory expiration of the policy.
 "Universal life insurance policy" means any individual life insurance policy under the provisions of which separately identified interest credits (other than in connection with dividend accumulations, premium deposit funds or other supplementary accounts) and mortality or expense charges are made to the policy.
 "YRT" means yearly renewable term.   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000; amended, Virginia Register  Volume 31, Issue 9 , eff. January 1, 2015.    14VAC5-319-20. Purpose.  A. The purpose of this regulation is to provide:
 1. Tables of select mortality factors and rules for their use;
 2. Rules establishing minimum valuation and reserve standards for plans with nonlevel premiums or benefits; and
 3. Rules establishing minimum valuation and reserve standards for plans with secondary guarantees.
 B. The method for calculating basic reserves defined in this regulation will constitute the Commissioners' Reserve Valuation Method for policies to which this regulation is applicable.   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 6 , eff. January 1, 2000.    14VAC5-319-30. Applicability.  A. This regulation shall apply to all life insurance policies, with or without nonforfeiture values, issued on or after January 1, 2000, subject to the exceptions and conditions in subsections B and C of this section.
 B. Exceptions to this regulation.
 1. This regulation shall not apply to any individual life insurance policy issued on or after January 1, 2000, if the policy is issued in accordance with and as a result of the exercise of a reentry provision contained in the original life insurance policy of the same or greater face amount, issued before January 1, 2000, that guarantees the premium rates of the new policy. This regulation also shall not apply to subsequent policies issued as a result of the exercise of such a provision, or a derivation of the provision, in the new policy.
 2. This regulation shall not apply to any universal life policy that meets all the following requirements:
 a. Secondary guarantee period, if any, is five years or less;
 b. Specified premium for the secondary guarantee period is not less than the net level reserve premium for the secondary guarantee period based on the 1980 CSO valuation tables as defined in  14VAC5-319-10  and the applicable valuation interest rate; and
 c. The initial surrender charge is not less than 100% of the first year annualized specified premium for the secondary guarantee period.
 3. This regulation shall not apply to any variable life insurance policy that provides for life insurance, the amount or duration of which varies according to the investment experience of any separate account or accounts.
 4. This regulation shall not apply to any variable universal life insurance policy that provides for life insurance, the amount or duration of which varies according to the investment experience of any separate account or accounts.
 5. This regulation shall not apply to a group life insurance certificate unless the certificate provides for a stated or implied schedule of maximum gross premiums required in order to continue coverage in force for a period in excess of one year.
 C. Conditions to be met:
 1. Calculation of the minimum valuation standard for policies with guaranteed nonlevel gross premiums or guaranteed nonlevel benefits (other than universal life policies), or both, shall be in accordance with the provisions of  14VAC5-319-50 .
 2. Calculation of the minimum valuation standard for flexible premium and fixed premium universal life insurance policies that contain provisions resulting in the ability of a policyholder to keep a policy in force over a secondary guarantee period shall be in accordance with the provisions of  14VAC5-319-60 .   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000.    14VAC5-319-40. General calculation requirements for basic reserves and premium deficiency reserves.  A. At the election of the company for any one or more specified plans of life insurance, the minimum mortality standard for basic reserves may be calculated using the 1980 CSO valuation tables with select mortality factors, or any other valuation mortality table adopted by the NAIC on or after January 1, 2000, and promulgated by regulation by the commission for this purpose. If select mortality factors are elected, they may be:
 1. The 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law;
 2. The 20-year select mortality factors in  14VAC5-319-70 ; or
 3. Any other table of select mortality factors adopted by the NAIC on or after January 1, 2000, and promulgated by regulation by the commission for the purpose of calculating basic reserves.
 B. Deficiency reserves, if any, are calculated for each policy as the excess, if greater than 0, of the quantity A over the basic reserve. The quantity A is obtained by recalculating the basic reserve for the policy using guaranteed gross premiums instead of net premiums when the guaranteed gross premiums are less than the corresponding net premiums. At the election of the company for any one or more specified plans of insurance, the quantity A and the corresponding net premiums used in the determination of quantity A may be based upon the 1980 CSO valuation tables with select mortality factors, or any other valuation mortality table adopted by the NAIC on or after January 1, 2000, and promulgated by regulation by the commission.
 1. If select mortality factors are elected, they may be:
 a. The 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law;
 b. The 20-year select mortality factors in  14VAC5-319-70 ;
 c. For durations in the first segment, X percent of the 20-year select mortality factors in  14VAC5-319-70 , subject to the conditions set forth in subdivisions B 2 and B 3 of this section; or
 d. Any other table of select mortality factors adopted by the NAIC after January 1, 2000, and promulgated by regulation by the commission for the purpose of calculating deficiency reserves.
 2. When calculating X as provided by this section, the following shall apply:
 a. X may vary by policy year, policy form, underwriting classification, issue age or any other policy factor expected to affect mortality experience;

  b. X is such that, when using the valuation interest rate used for basic reserves, subdivision (1) is greater than or equal to subdivision (2), as follows:
 (1) The actuarial present value of future death benefits, calculated using the mortality rates resulting from the application of X;
 (2) The actuarial present value of future death benefits calculated using anticipated mortality experience without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date;
  c. X is such that the mortality rates resulting from the application of X are at least as great as the anticipated mortality experience, without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date, in each of the first five years after the valuation date;
  d. The appointed actuary shall increase X at any valuation date where it is necessary to continue to meet all the requirements of subdivisions B 2 and B 3 of this section;
  e. The appointed actuary may decrease X at any valuation date as long as X  continues to meet all the requirements of subdivisions B 2 and B 3 of this section; and
  f. The appointed actuary specifically shall take into account the adverse effect on expected mortality and lapsation of any anticipated or actual increase in gross premiums.
 3. If X is less than 100% at any duration for any policy, the following requirements shall be met:
 a. The appointed actuary annually shall prepare an actuarial opinion and memorandum for the company in conformance with the requirements of  14VAC5-310-90 ;
 b. The appointed actuary shall disclose, in the regulatory asset adequacy issues summary, the impact of the insufficiency of assets to support the payment of benefits and expenses and the establishment of statutory reserves during one or more interim periods; and
 c. The appointed actuary annually shall opine for all policies subject to this regulation as to whether the mortality rates resulting from the application of X meet the requirements of subdivisions B 2 and B 3 of this section. This opinion shall be supported by an actuarial report, subject to appropriate Actuarial Standards of Practice promulgated by the Actuarial Standards Board of the American Academy of Actuaries. The X factors shall reflect anticipated future mortality, without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date, taking into account relevant emerging experience.
 C. This subsection applies to both basic reserves and deficiency reserves. Any set of select mortality factors may be used only for the first segment. However, if the first segment is less than 10 years, the appropriate 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law may be used thereafter through the tenth policy year from the date of issue.
 D. In determining basic reserves or deficiency reserves, guaranteed gross premiums without policy fees may be used where the calculation involves the guaranteed gross premium if the policy fee is a level dollar amount after the first policy year. In determining deficiency reserves, policy fees may be included in guaranteed gross premiums, even if not included in the actual calculation of basic reserves.
 E. Reserves for policies that have changes to guaranteed gross premiums, guaranteed benefits, guaranteed charges or guaranteed credits that are unilaterally made by the company after issue and that are effective for more than one year after the date of the change shall be the greatest of the following: (i) reserves calculated ignoring the guarantee, (ii) reserves assuming the guarantee was made at issue, and (iii) reserves assuming that the policy was issued on the date of the guarantee.
 F. The commission may require that the company document the extent of the adequacy of reserves for specified blocks, including but not limited to policies issued prior to January 1, 2000. This documentation may include a demonstration of the extent to which aggregation with other nonspecified blocks of business is relied upon in the formation of the appointed actuary opinion pursuant to and consistent with the requirements of  14VAC5-310-90 .
 G. This section is effective for valuations on and after December 31, 2008.  Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000; amended, Virginia Register  Volume 26, Issue 4 , eff. September 30, 2009.    14VAC5-319-50. Calculation of minimum valuation standard for policies with guaranteed nonlevel gross premiums or guaranteed nonlevel benefits (other than ....  A. Basic reserves shall be calculated as the greater of the segmented reserves and the unitary reserves. Both the segmented reserves and the unitary reserves for any policy shall use the same valuation mortality table and selection factors. At the option of the company, in calculating segmented reserves and net premiums, either of the adjustments described in subdivision 1 or 2 of this subsection may be made:
 1. Treat the unitary reserve, if greater than 0, applicable at the end of each segment as a pure endowment and subtract the unitary reserve, if greater than 0, applicable at the beginning of each segment from the present value of guaranteed life insurance and endowment benefits for each segment.
 2. Treat the guaranteed cash surrender value, if greater than 0, applicable at the end of each segment as a pure endowment; and subtract the guaranteed cash surrender value, if greater than 0, applicable at the beginning of each segment from the present value of guaranteed life insurance and endowment benefits for each segment.
 B. Deficiency reserves are subject to the following:
 1. The deficiency reserve at any duration shall be calculated:
 a. On a unitary basis if the corresponding basic reserve determined by subsection A of this section is unitary;
 b. On a segmented basis if the corresponding basic reserve determined by subsection A of this section is segmented; or
 c. On the segmented basis if the corresponding basic reserve determined by subsection A of this section is equal to both the segmented reserve and the unitary reserve.
 2. This subsection shall apply to any policy for which the guaranteed gross premium at any duration is less than the corresponding modified net premium calculated by the method used in determining the basic reserves, but using the rate of interest and minimum valuation standards of mortality (specified in  14VAC5-319-40  B).
 3. Deficiency reserves, if any, shall be calculated for each policy as the excess if greater than 0, for the current and all remaining periods, of the quantity A over the basic reserve, where A is obtained as indicated in  14VAC5-319-40  B.
 4. For deficiency reserves determined on a segmented basis, the quantity A is determined using segment lengths equal to those determined for segmented basic reserves.
 C. Basic reserves may not be less than the tabular cost of insurance for the balance of the policy year, if mean reserves are used. Basic reserves may not be less than the tabular cost of insurance for the balance of the current modal period or to the paid-to-date, if later, but not beyond the next policy anniversary, if mid-terminal reserves are used. The tabular cost of insurance shall use the same valuation mortality table and interest rates as used for the calculation of the segmented reserves. However, if select mortality factors are used, they shall be the 10-year select factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments of the NAIC Standard Valuation Law. In no case shall total reserves (including basic reserves, deficiency reserves, and any reserves held for supplemental benefits that would expire upon contract termination) be less than the amount that the policyowner would receive (including the cash surrender value of the supplemental benefits, if any, referred to above), exclusive of any deduction for policy loans, upon termination of the policy.
 D. Unusual pattern of guaranteed cash surrender values follow:
 1. For any policy with an unusual pattern of guaranteed cash surrender values, the reserves actually held prior to the first unusual guaranteed cash surrender value shall not be less than the reserves calculated by treating the first unusual guaranteed cash surrender value as a pure endowment and treating the policy as an n-year policy providing term insurance plus a pure endowment equal to the unusual cash surrender value, where n is the number of years from the date of issue to the date the unusual cash surrender value is scheduled.
 2. The reserves actually held subsequent to any unusual guaranteed cash surrender value shall not be less than the reserves calculated by treating the policy as an n-year policy providing term insurance plus a pure endowment equal to the next unusual guaranteed cash surrender value, and treating any unusual guaranteed cash surrender value at the end of the prior segment as a net single premium, where
 a. n is the number of years from the date of the last unusual guaranteed cash surrender value prior to the valuation date to the earlier of:
 (1) The date of the next unusual guaranteed cash surrender value, if any, that is scheduled after the valuation date; or
 (2) The mandatory expiration date of the policy;
 b. The net premium for a given year during the n-year period is equal to the product of the net to gross ratio and the respective gross premium; and
 c. The net to gross ratio is equal to subdivision (1) divided by subdivision (2), as follows:
 (1) The present value, at the beginning of the n-year period, of death benefits payable during the n-year period plus the present value, at the beginning of the n-year period, of the next unusual guaranteed cash surrender value, if any, minus the amount of the last unusual guaranteed cash surrender value, if any, scheduled at the beginning of the n-year period.
 (2) The present value, at the beginning of the n-year period, of the scheduled gross premiums payable during the n-year period.
 3. For purposes of this subsection, a policy is considered to have an unusual pattern of guaranteed cash surrender values if any future guaranteed cash surrender value exceeds the prior year's guaranteed cash surrender value by more than the sum of:
 a. 110% of the scheduled gross premium for that year;
 b. 110% of one year's accrued interest on the sum of the prior year's guaranteed cash surrender value and the scheduled gross premium using the nonforfeiture interest rate used for calculating policy guaranteed cash surrender values; and
 c. 5.0% of the first policy year surrender charge, if any.
 E. There is an optional exemption for yearly renewable term reinsurance. At the option of the company, the following approach for reserves on YRT reinsurance may be used:
 1. Calculate the valuation net premium for each future policy year as the tabular cost of insurance for that future year.
 2. Basic reserves shall never be less than the tabular cost of insurance for the appropriate period, as defined in subsection C of this section.
 3. Deficiency reserves are subject to the following:
 a. For each policy year, calculate the excess, if greater than 0, of the valuation net premium over the respective maximum guaranteed gross premium.
 b. Deficiency reserves shall never be less than the sum of the present values, at the date of valuation, of the excesses determined in accordance with subdivision 3 a of this subsection.
 4. For purposes of this subsection, the calculations use the maximum valuation interest rate and the 1980 CSO mortality tables with or without 10-year select mortality factors, or any other table adopted on or after January 1, 2000, by the NAIC and promulgated by regulation by the commission for this purpose.
 5. A reinsurance agreement shall be considered YRT reinsurance for purposes of this subsection if only the mortality risk is reinsured.
 6. If the assuming company chooses this optional exemption, the ceding company's reinsurance reserve credit shall be limited to the amount of reserve held by the assuming company for the affected policies.
 F. There is an optional exemption for attained-age-based yearly renewable term (YRT) life insurance policies. At the option of the company, the following approach for reserves for attained-age-based YRT life insurance policies may be used:
 1. Calculate the valuation net premium for each future policy year as the tabular cost of insurance for that future year.
 2. Basic reserves shall never be less than the tabular cost of insurance for the appropriate period, as defined in subsection C of this section.
 3. Deficiency reserves.
 a. For each policy year, calculate the excess, if greater than 0, of the valuation net premium over the respective maximum guaranteed gross premium.
 b. Deficiency reserves shall never be less than the sum of the present values, at the date of valuation, of the excesses determined in accordance with subdivision 3 a of this subsection.
 4. For purposes of this subsection, the calculations use the maximum valuation interest rate and the 1980 CSO valuation tables with or without 10-year select mortality factors, or any other table adopted on or after January 1, 2000, by the NAIC and promulgated by regulation by the commission for this purpose.
 5. A policy shall be considered an attained-age-based YRT life insurance policy for purposes of this subsection if:
 a. The premium rates (on both the initial current premium scale and the guaranteed maximum premium scale) are based upon the attained age of the insured, such that the rate for any given policy at a given attained age of the insured is independent of the year the policy was issued; and
 b. The premium rates (on both the initial current premium scale and the guaranteed maximum premium scale) are the same as the premium rates for policies covering all insureds of the same sex, risk class, plan of insurance, and attained age.
 6. For policies that become attained-age-based YRT policies after an initial period of coverage, the approach of this subsection may be used after the initial period if:
 a. The initial period is constant for all insureds of the same sex, risk class, and plan of insurance; or
 b. The initial period runs to a common attained age for all insureds of the same sex, risk class, and plan of insurance; and
 c. After the initial period of coverage, the policy meets the conditions of subdivision F 5 of this section.
 7. If this election is made, this approach shall be applied in determining reserves for all attained-age-based YRT life insurance policies issued on or after January 1, 2000.
 G. There is an exemption from unitary reserves for certain n-year renewable term life insurance policies. Unitary basic reserves and unitary deficiency reserves need not be calculated for a policy if the following conditions are met:
 1. The policy consists of a series of n-year periods, including the first period and all renewal periods, where n is the same for each period, except that for the final renewal period, n may be truncated or extended to reach the expiry age, provided that this final renewal period is less than 10 years and less than twice the size of the earlier n-year periods, and for each period, the premium rates on both the initial current premium scale and the guaranteed maximum premium scale are level;
 2. The guaranteed gross premiums in all n-year periods are not less than the corresponding net premiums based upon the 1980 CSO Table with or without the 10-year select mortality factors; and
 3. There are no cash surrender values in any policy year.
 H. There is an exemption from unitary reserves for certain juvenile policies. Unitary basic reserves and unitary deficiency reserves need not be calculated for a policy if the following conditions are met, based upon the initial current premium scale at issue:
 1. At issue, the insured is age 24 or younger;
 2. Until the insured reaches the end of the juvenile period, which shall occur at or before age 25, the gross premiums and death benefits are level, and there are no cash surrender values; and
 3. After the end of the juvenile period, gross premiums are level for the remainder of the premium paying period, and death benefits are level for the remainder of the life of the policy.   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000.    14VAC5-319-60. Calculation of minimum valuation standard for flexible premium and fixed premium universal life insurance policies that contain provisions ....  A. General provisions are:
 1. Policies with a secondary guarantee include, but are not limited to, the following:
 a. A policy with a guarantee that the policy will remain in force at the original schedule of benefits, subject only to the payment of specified premiums;
 b. A policy in which the minimum premium at any duration is less than the corresponding one-year valuation premium, calculated using the maximum valuation interest rate and the 1980 CSO valuation tables with or without 10-year select mortality factors, or any other table adopted on or after January 1, 2000, by the NAIC and promulgated by regulation by the commission for this purpose; or
 c. A policy with any combination of subdivisions 1 a and 1 b of this subsection.
 2. A secondary guarantee period is the period for which the policy is guaranteed to remain in force subject only to a secondary guarantee. When a policy contains more than one secondary guarantee, the minimum reserve shall be the greatest of the respective minimum reserves at that valuation date of each unexpired secondary guarantee, ignoring all other secondary guarantees. Secondary guarantees that are unilaterally changed by the company after issue shall be considered to have been made at issue. Reserves described in subsections B and C of this section shall be recalculated from issue to reflect these changes.
 3. Specified premiums mean the premiums specified in the policy, the payment of which guarantees that the policy will remain in force at the original schedule of benefits, but which otherwise would be insufficient to keep the policy in force in the absence of the guarantee if maximum mortality and expense charges and minimum interest credits were made and any applicable surrender charges were assessed.
 4. For purposes of this section, the minimum premium for any policy year is the premium that, when paid into a policy with a 0 account value at the beginning of the policy year, produces a 0 account value at the end of the policy year. The minimum premium calculation shall use the policy cost factors (including mortality charges, loads, and expense charges) and the interest crediting rate, which are all guaranteed at issue.
 5. The one-year valuation premium means the net one-year premium based upon the original schedule of benefits for a given policy year. The one-year valuation premiums for all policy years are calculated at issue. The select mortality factors defined in  14VAC5-319-40  B 1 b, c, and d may not be used to calculate the one-year valuation premiums.
 6. The one-year valuation premium should reflect the frequency of fund processing, as well as the distribution of deaths assumption employed in the calculation of the monthly mortality charges to the fund.
 B. Basic reserves for the secondary guarantees shall be the segmented reserves for the secondary guarantee period. In calculating the segments and the segmented reserves, the gross premiums shall be set equal to the specified premiums, if any, or otherwise to the minimum premiums, that keep the policy in force and the segments will be determined according to the contract segmentation method as defined in  14VAC5-319-10 .
 C. Deficiency reserves, if any, for the secondary guarantees shall be calculated for the secondary guarantee period in the same manner as described in  14VAC5-319-50  B with gross premiums set equal to the specified premiums, if any, or otherwise to the minimum premiums that keep the policy in force.
 D. The minimum reserves during the secondary guarantee period are the greater of:
 1. The basic reserves for the secondary guarantee plus the deficiency reserve, if any, for the secondary guarantees; or
 2. The minimum reserves required by other rules or regulations governing universal life plans.   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000.    14VAC5-319-70. Twenty-year select mortality factors.  The six tables of select mortality factors in this section include: (i) male aggregate, (ii) male nonsmoker, (iii) male smoker, (iv) female aggregate, (v) female nonsmoker, and (vi) female smoker.
 These tables apply to both age last birthday and age nearest birthday mortality tables.
 For sex-blended mortality tables, compute select mortality factors in the same proportion as the underlying mortality. For example, for the 1980 CSO-B Table, the calculated select mortality factors are 80% of the appropriate male table in this list, plus 20% of the appropriate female table in this list.
 TWENTY-YEAR SELECT MORTALITY FACTORS.                 Male, Aggregate                   Issue             Duration                   Age             1             2             3             4             5             6             7             8             9             10             11             12             13             14             15             16             17             18             19             20+                   0-15             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   16             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   17             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   18             96             98             98             99             99             100             100             90             92             92             92             92             93             93             96             97             98             98             99             100                   19             83             84             84             87             87             87             79             79             79             81             81             82             82             82             85             88             91   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     100                   23             62             63             59             60             62             62             63             63             64             65             65             67             67             69             70             76             82             88             94             100                   24             60             56             56             59             59             60             61             61             61             64             64             64             66             67             70             76             82             88             94             100                   25             52             53             55             56             58             58             60             60             60             63             62             63             64             67             69             75             81             88             94             100                   26             51             52             55             56             58             58             57             61             61             62             63             64             66             69             66             73             80             86             93             100                   27             51             52             55             57             58             60             61             61             60             63             63             64             67             66             67             74             80             87             93             100                   28             49             51             56             58             60             60             61             62             62             63             64             66             65             66             68             74             81             87             94             100                   29             49             51             56             58             60             61             62             62             62             64             64             62             66             67             70             76             82             88             94             100                   30             49             50             56             58             60             60             62             63             63             64             62             63             67             68             71             77             83             88             94             100                   31             47             50             56             58             60             62             63             64             64             62             63             66             68             70             72             78             83             89             94             100                   32             46             49             56             59             60             62             63             66             62             63             66             67             70             72             73             78             84             89             95             100                   33             43             49             56             59             62             63             64             62             65             66             67             70             72             73             75             80             85             90             95             100                   34             42             47             56             60             62             63             61             63             66             67             70             71             73             75             76             81             86             90             95             100                   35             40             47             56             60             63             61             62             65             67             68             71             73             74             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   36             38             42             56             60             59             61             63             65             67             68             70             72             74             76             77             82             86             91             95             100                   37             38             45             56             57             61             62             63             65             67             68             70             72             74             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   38             37             44             53             58             61             62             65             66             67             69             69             73             75             76             77             82             86             91             95             100                   39             37             41             53             58             62             63             65             65             66             68             69             72             74             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   40             34             40             53             58             62             63             65             65             66             68             68             71             75             76             77             82             86             91             95             100                   41             34             41             53             58             62             63             65             64             64             66             68             70             74             76             77             82             86             91             95             100                   42             34             43             53             58             61             62             63             63             63             64             66             69             72             75             77             82             86             91             95             100                   43             34             43             54             59             60             61             63             62             62             64             66             67             72             74             77             82             86             91             95             100                   44             34             44             54             58             59             60             61             60             61             62             64             67             71             74             77             82             86             91             95             100                   45             34             45             53             58             59             60             60             60             59             60             63             66             71             74             77             82             86             91             95             100                   46             31             43             52             56             57             58             59             59             59             60             63             67             71             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   47             32             42             50             53             55             56             57             58             59             60             65             68             71             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   48             32             41             47             52             54             56             57             57             57             61             65             68             72             73             74             79             84             90             95             100                   49             30             40             46             49             52             54             55             56             57             61             66             69             72             73             74             79             84             90             95             100                   50             30             38             44             47             51             53             54             56             57             61             66             71             72             73             75             80             85             90             95             100                   51             28             37             42             46             49             53             54             56             57             61             66             71             72             73             75             80             85             90             95             100                   52             28             35             41             45             49             51             54             56             57             61             66             71             72             74             75             80             85             90             100             100                   53             27             35             39             44             48             51             53             55             57             61             67             71             74             75             76             81             86             100             100             100                   54             27             33             38             44             48             50             53             55             57             61             67             72             74             75             76             81             100             100             100             100                   55             25             32             37             43             47             50             53             55             57             61             68             72             74             75             78             100             100             100             100             100                   56             25             32             37             43             47             49             51             54             56             61             67             70             73             74             100             100             100             100             100             100                   57             24             31             38             43             47             49             51             54             56             59             66             69             72             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   58             24             31             38             43             48             48             50             53             56             59             64             67             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   59             23             30             39             43             48             48             51             53             55             58             63             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   60             23             30             39             43             48             47             50             52             53             57             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   61             23             30             39             43             49             49             50             52             53             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   62             23             30             39             44             49             49             51             52             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   63             22             30             39             45             50             50             52             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   64             22             30             39             45             50             51             75             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   65             22             30             39             45             50             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   66             22             30             39             45             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   67             22             30             39             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   68             23             32             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   69             23             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   70             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   71             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   72             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   73             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   74             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   75             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   76             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   77             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   78             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   79             48             52             55             60             60             65             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   80             48             52             55             60             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   81             48             52             55             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   82             48             52             55             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   83             48             52             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   84             48             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   85+             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                               Male, Nonsmoker                    Issue             Duration                   Age             1             2             3             4             5             6             7             8             9             10             11             12             13             14             15             16             17             18             19             20+                   0-15             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   16             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   17             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100  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                21             63             66             68             71             66             66             67             66             67             70             70             70             71             71             73             78             84             89             95             100                   22             62             65             66             62             63             64             64             64             67             68             68             68             70             70             73             78             84             89             95             100                   23             60             62             58             60             62             62             63             63             64             67             68             68             67             69             71             77             83             88             94             100                   24             59  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      58             60             60             61             61             62             63             64             66             67             66             67             74             80             87             93             100                   28             49             52             57             58             60             61             63             62             62             64             66             66             63             66             68             74             81             87             94             100                   29             49             51             57             60             61             61             62             62             63             64             66             63             65             67             68             74             81             87             94             100                   30             49             51             57             60             61             62             63             63             63             64             62             63             66             68             70             76             82             88             94             100                   31             47             50             57             60             60             62             63             64             64             62             63             65             67             70             71             77             83             88             94             100                   32             46             50             57             60             62             63             64             64             62             63             65             66             68             71             72             78             83             89             94             100                   33             45             49             56             60             62             63             64             62  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 71             73             73             78             84             89             95             100                   40             34             41             53             58             61             62             63             64             64             66             67             69             71             73             72             78             83             89             94             100                   41             34             41             53             58             61             61             62             62             63             65             65             67             69             71             71             77             83             88             94             100                   42             34             43             53             58             60             61             62             61             61             63             64             66             67             69             71  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 100                   49             29             39             43             48             50             51             50             51             53             54             57             61             61             62             62             70             77             85             92             100                   50             29             37             42             45             47             48             49             50             51             54             57             61             61             61             61             69             77             84             92             100                   51             27             35             40             43             45             47             48             50             51             53             57             60             61             61             62             70             77             85             92             100                   52             27             34             39             42             44             45             48             49             50             53             56             60             60             62             62             70             77             85             100             100                   53             25             31             37             41             44             45             47             49             50             51             56             59             61             61             62             70             77             100             100             100                   54             25             30             36             39             43             44             47             48             49             51             55             59             59             61             62             70             100             100             100             100                   55             24             29         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37             41             41             43             45             45             47             51             53             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   59             22             26             33             37             41             41             42             44             44             46             50             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   60             20             26             33             37             41             40             41             42             42             45             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   61             20             26             33             37             41             40             41             42             42             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   62             19             25             32             38             40             40             41             42             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   63             19             25             33             36             40             40             41             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   64             18             24             32             36             39             40             75             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   65             18             24             32             36             39             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   66             18             24             32             36             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   67             18             24             32             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   68             18             24             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   69             18             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   70             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   71             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   72             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   73             48             52             55             60             60             65           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         70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   77             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   78             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   79             48             52             55             60             60             65             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   80             48             52             55             60             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   81             48             52             55             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   82             48             52             55             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   83             48             52             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   84             48             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   85+             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                              Male, Smoker                   Issue             Duration                   Age             1             2             3             4             5             6             7             8             9             10             11             12             13             14             15             16             17             18             19             20+                   0-15             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   16             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   17             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   18             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   19             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   20             98             100             100             100             100             100             100             99             99             99             100             99             99             99             100             100             100             100             100             100                   21             95             98             99             100             95             96             96             95             96             97             97             96             96             96             96             97             98             98             99             100                   22             92             95             96             90             90             93             93             92             93             95             95             93             93             92             93             94             96             97             99             100                   23             90             92             85             88             88             89             89             89             90             90             90             90             89             90             92             94             95             97             98             100                   24             87             81             82             85             84             86             88             86             86             88             88             86             86             88             89             91             93             96             98             100                   25             77    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100                   50             34             43             49             53             55             57             60             61             63             67             73             78             80             81             81             85             89             92             96             100                   51             32             42             47             52             55             57             60             61             63             67             73             78             80             83             84             87             90             94             97             100                   52             32             40             46             50             54             56             60             61             63             67             73             78             81             84             85             88             91             94             100             100                   53             30             37             44             49             54             56             59             61             65             67             74             79             83             85             87             90             92             100             100             100                   54             30             36             43             48             53             55             59             61             65             67             74             80             84             85             89             91             100             100             100             100                   55             29             35             42             47             53             55             59             61             65             67             75             80             84             86             90             100             100             100             100             100                   56             28             35             42             47             53             55             57             60             63             68             74             79             83             85             100             100             100             100             100             100                   57             28             35             42             47             53             54             57             60             64             67             74             78             81             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   58             26             33             43             48             54             54             56             59             63             67             73             78             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   59             26             33             43             48             54             53             57             59             63             66             73             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   60             25             33             43             48             54             53             56             58             62             66             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   61             25             33             43             49             55             55             57             59             63             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   62             25             33             43             50             56             56             58             61             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   63             24             33             45             51             56             56             59             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   64             24             34             45             51             57             57             75             75             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   65             24             34             45             52             57             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   66             24             35             45             53             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   67             25             35             45             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   68             25             36             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   69             27             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   70             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   71             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   72             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   73             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   74             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   75             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   76             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   77             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   78             48             52             55             60             60             65             70             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   79             48             52             55             60             60             65             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   80             48             52             55             60             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   81             48             52             55             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   82             48             52             55             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   83             48             52             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   84             48             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   85+             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                                            Female, Aggregate                   Issue             Duration                   Age             1             2             3             4             5             6             7             8             9             10             11             12             13             14             15             16             17             18             19             20+                   0-15             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   16             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   17             99             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             93             95             96             97             97             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   18             83             83             84             84             84             84             86             78             78             79             82             84             85             88             88             90             93             95             98             100                   19             65             66             68             68             68             68             63             63             64             66             69             71             72             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   20             48             50             51             51             51             47             48             48             49             51             56             57             58             61             63             70             78             85             93             100                   21             47             48             50             51             47             47             48             49             51             53             57             60             61             64             64             71             78             86             93             100                   22             44             47             48             45             47             47             48             49             53             54             60             61             63             64             66             73             80             86             93             100                   23             42             45             44             45             47             47             49             51             53             54             61             64             64             67             69             75             81             88             94             100                   24             39             40             42             44             47             47             50             51             54             56             64             64             66             69             70             76             82             88             94             100                   25             34             38             41             44             47             47             50             53             56             57             64             67             69             71             73             78             84             89             95             100                   26             34             38             41             45             49             49             51             56             58             59             66             69             70             73             70             76             82             88             94             100                   27             34             38             41             47             50             51             54             57             59             60             69             70             73             70             71             77             83             88             94             100                   28             34             37             43             47             53             53             56             59             62             63             70             73             70             72             74             79             84             90             95             100                   29             34             38             43             49             54             56             58             60             63             64             73             70             72             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   30             35             38             43             50             56             56             59             63             66             67             70             71             74             75             76             81             86             90             95             100                   31             35             38             43             51             56             58             60             64             67             65             71             72             74             75             76             81             86             90             95             100                   32             35             39             45             51             56             59             63             66             65             66             72             72             75             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   33             36             39             44             52             58             62             64             65             66             67             72             74             75             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   34             36             40             45             52             58             63             63             66             67             68             74             74             76             76             76             81             86             90             95             100                   35             36             40             45             53             59             61             65             67             68             70             75             74             75             76             75             80             85             90             95             100                   36             36             40             45             53             55             62             65             67             68             70             74             74             74             75             75             80             85             90             95             100                   37             36             41             47             52             57             62             65             67             68             69             72             72             73             75             74             79             84             90             95             100                   38             34             41             44             52             57             63             66             68             69             70             72             71             72             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   39             34             40             45             53             58             63             66             68             69             69             70             70             70             73             74             79             84             90             95             100                   40             32             40             45             53             58             65             65             67             68             69             70             69             70             73             73             78             84             89             95             100                   41             32             40             45             53             57             63             64             67             68             68             69             69             69             73             74             79             84             90             95             100                   42             32             40             45             52             56             61             63             65             66             68             69             68             70             74             75             80             85             90             95             100                   43             31             39             45             51             55             59             61             65             65             66             68             69             69             74             77             82             86             91             95             100                   44             31             39             45             50             54             58             61             63             64             66             67             68             71             75             78             82             87             91             96             100                   45             31             38             44             49             53             56             59             62             63             65             67             68             71             77             79             83             87             92             96             100                   46             29             37             43             48             51             54             59             62             63             65             67             69             71             77             78             82             87             91             96             100                   47             28             35             41             46             49             54             57             61             62             66             68             69             71             77             77             82             86             91             95             100                   48             28             35             41             44             49             52             57             61             63             66             68             71             72             75             77             82             86             91             95             100                   49             26             34             39             43             47             52             55             61             63             67             69             71             72             75             75             80             85             90             95             100                   50             25             32             38             41             46             50             55             61             63             67             69             72             72             75             74             79             84             90             95             100                   51             25             32             38             41             45             50             55             61             63             66             68             69             71             74             74             79             84             90             95             100                   52             23             30             36             41             45             51             56             61             62             65             66             68             68             73             73             78             84             89             100             100                   53             23             30             36             41             47             51             56             61             62             63             65             66             68             72             72             78             83             100             100             100                   54             22             29             35             41             47             53             57             61             61             62             62             66             66             69             70             76             100             100             100             100                   55             22             29             35             41             47             53             57             61             61             61             62             63             64             68             69             100             100             100             100             100                   56             22             29             35             41             45             51             56             59             60             61             62             63             64             67             100             100             100             100             100             100                   57             22             29             35             41             45             50             54             56             58             59             61             62             63             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   58             22             30             36             41             44             49             53             56             57             57             61             62             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   59             22             30             36             41             44             48             51             53             55             56             59             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   60             22             30             36             41             43             47             50             51             53             55             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   61             22             29             35             39             42             46             49             50             52             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   62             20             28             33             39             41             45             47             49             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   63             20             28             33             38             41             44             46             80             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   64             19             27             32             36             40             42             80             80             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   65             19             25             30             35             39             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   66             19             25             30             35             72             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   67             19             25             30             72             72             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   68             19             25             68             72             72             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   69             19             64             68             72             72             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   70             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   71             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   72             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   73             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   74             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   75             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   76             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             80             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   77             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   78             60             60             64             68             68             72             75             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   79             60             60             64             68             68             72             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   80             60             60             64             68             68             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   81             60             60             64             68             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   82             60             60             64             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   83             60             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   84             60             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   85+             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                              Female, Nonsmoker                   Issue             Duration                   Age             1             2             3             4             5             6             7             8             9             10             11             12             13             14             15             16             17             18             19             20+                   0-15             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   16             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100             100                   17             96             98             98             98             98             99             99             99             92             92             93             95             95             97             99             99             99             100             100             100                   18             78             80             80             80             80             81             81             74             75             75             78             79             82             83             85             88             91             94             97             100                   19             60             62             63             63             63             65             59             59             60             60             64             67             67             70             72             78             83             89             94             100                   20             42             44             45             45             45             42             42             42             45             45             50             51             53             56             58             66             75             83             92             100                   21             41             42             44             45             41             42             42             44             47             47             51             53             54             57             59             67             75             84             92             100                   22             39             41             44             41             41             42             44             45             49             49             54             56             57             58             60             68             76             84             92             100                   23             38             41             38             40             41             42             44             46             49             50             56             57             58             60             62             70             77             85             92             100                   24             36             36             38             40             41             42             46             47             50             51             58             59             60             62             63             70             78             85             93             100                   25             32             34             37             40             41             43             46             49             51             53             59             60             62             63             64             71             78             86             93             100                   26             32             34             37             41             43             45             47             50             53             53             60             62             63             64             62             70             77             85             92             100                   27             32             34             38             43             46             47             49             51             53             55             62             63             64             62             62             70             77             85             92             100                   28             30             34             39             43             47             49             51             53             56             58             63             63             61             62             63             70             78             85             93             100                   29             30             35             40             45             50             51             52             55             58             59             64             61             62             63             63             70             78             85             93             100                   30             31             35             40             46             51             52             53             56             59             60             62             62             63             65             65             72             79             86             93             100                   31             31             35             40             46             51             53             55             58             60             58             62             62             63             65             65             72             79             86             93             100                   32             32             35             40             45             51             53             56             59             57             58             62             63             63             65             64             71             78             86             93             100                   33             32             36             41             47             52             55             58             55             58             59             63             63             65             65             65             72             79             86             93             100                   34             33             36             41             47             52             55             55             57             58             59             63             65             64             65             64             71             78             86             93             100                   35             33             36             41             47             52             53             57             58             59             61             63             64             64             64             64             71             78             86             93             100                   36             33             36             41             47             49             53             57             58             59             61             63             64             63              64             63             70             78             85             93             100                   37             32             36             41             44             49             53             57             58             59             60             62             62             61             62             63             70             78             85             93             100                   38             32             37             39             45             50             54             57             58             60             60             61             61             61             62             61             69             77             84             92             100                   39             30             35             39             45             50             54             57             58             60             59             60             60             59             60             61             69             77             84             92             100                   40             28             35             39             45             50             54             56             57             59             59             60             59             59             59             60             68             76             84             92             100                   41             28             35             39             45             49             52             55             55             58             57             58             59             58             59             60             68             76             84             92             100                   42             27             35             39             44             49             52             54             55             56             57             57             57             58             60             61             69             77             84             92             100                   43             27             34             39             44             47             50             53             53             55             55             56             57             56             60             61             69             77             84             92             100                   44             26             34             38             42             47             50             52             53             54             55             55             55             56             61             62             70             77             85             92             100                   45             26             33             38             42             45             48             51             51             52             53             54             55             56             61             62             70             77             85             92             100              46     24   32   37   40   43   47   49   51   52   53   54   55   56   60   61   69   77   84   92  100
  47     24   30   35   39   42   45   47   49   51   53   54   55   56   59   60   68   76   84   92  100
  48     23   30   35   37   40   44   47   49   50   53   54   55   55   59   57   66   74   83   91  100
  49     23   29   33   35   39   42   45   48   50   53   54   55   55   57   56   65   74   82   91  100
  50     21   27   32   34   37   41   44   48   50   53   54   55   55   56   55   64   73   82   91  100
  51     21   26   30   34   37   41   44   48   49   51   53   53   54   55   55   64   73   82   91  100
  52     20   25   30   33   37   41   44   47   48   50   50   51   51   55   53   62   72   81  100  100
  53     19   24   29   32   37   41   43   47   48   48   49   49   51   52   52   62   71  100  100  100
  54     18   24   29   32   37   41   43   45   47   47   47   49   49   51   51   61  100  100  100  100
  55     18   23   28   32   37   41   43   45   45   45   46   46   47   50   50  100  100  100  100  100
  56     18   23   28   32   36   39   42   44   44   45   46   46   46   49  100  100  100  100  100  100
  57     18   23   28   31   35   38   41   42   44   44   45   45   46  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  58     17   23   26   31   35   36   38   41   41   42   45   45  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  59     17   23   26   30   33   35   38   39   40   41   44  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  60     17   23   26   30   32   34   36   38   39   40  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  61     17   22   25   29   32   33   35   36   38   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  62     16   22   25   28   30   32   34   35   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  63     16   20   24   28   30   32   34   80   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  64     14   21   24   27   29   30   80   80   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  65     15   19   23   25   28   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  66     15   19   23   25   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  67     15   19   22   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  68     13   18   68   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  69     13   64   68   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  70     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  71     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  72     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  73     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  74     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  75     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  76     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  77     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  78     60   60   64   68   68   72   75  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  79     60   60   64   68   68   72  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  80     60   60   64   68   68  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  81     60   60   64   68  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  82     60   60   64  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  83     60   60  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  84     60  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  85+   100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Female, Smoker
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Issue                                                Duration
  Age    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19  20+
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 0-15   100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  16    100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  17    100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  18     99  100  100  100  100  100  100   95   96   97  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  19     87   89   92   92   92   92   84   84   86   86   92   93   95   96   99   99   99  100  100  100
  20     74   77   80   80   80   73   73   73   75   77   83   83   86   88   90   92   94   96   98  100
  21     71   74   78   78   71   71   73   74   77   79   85   86   88   89   90   92   94   96   98  100
  22     68   71   75   70   71   71   73   74   78   79   88   90   89   89   92   94   95   97   98  100
  23     65   69   67   70   70   70   73   77   79   81   89   90   90   92   92   94   95   97   98  100
  24     62   60   64   69   70   70   74   77   79   81   92   90   92   93   93   94   96   97   99  100
  25     53   58   63   67   69   70   74   78   81   82   92   93   93   95   95   96   97   98   99  100
  26     53   58   63   69   71   72   75   79   82   82   93   93   95   96   90   92   94   96   98  100
  27     52   56   63   70   74   74   78   81   82   84   93   95   95   90   90   92   94   96   98  100
  28     52   56   64   71   75   77   79   82   85   86   95   95   90   92   92   94   95   97   98  100
  29     51   56   64   71   78   78   81   84   86   88   95   90   90   92   92   94   95   97   98  100
  30     51   56   64   72   79   79   82   85   88   89   90   90   92   93   93   94   96   97   99  100
  31     51   56   64   72   78   81   84   84   88   84   90   90   92   93   93   94   96   97   99  100
  32     51   56   64   71   78   81   85   86   84   85   90   90   92   94   93   94   96   97   99  100
  33     51   57   62   71   78   82   85   83   84   85   90   92   93   93   93   94   96   97   99  100
  34     51   56   62   71   78   82   81   83   85   86   90   92   92   94   93   94   96   97   99  100
  35     51   56   62   71   78   79   83   84   85   86   90   91   91   93   93   94   96   97   99  100
  36     49   56   62   71   74   79   83   84   85   86   90   90   91   93   92   94   95   97   98  100
  37     48   55   62   67   74   79   83   84   85   86   89   90   89   92   91   93   95   96   98  100
  38     47   55   57   66   72   77   81   84   86   86   87   88   88   90   91   93   95   96   98  100
  39     45   50   57   66   72   77   81   83   85   86   86   87   86   89   90   92   94   96   98  100
  40     41   50   57   66   72   77   81   83   84   85   86   86   86   89   89   91   93   96   98  100
  41     40   50   57   65   71   76   79   81   83   84   85   86   85   89   90   92   94   96   98  100
  42     40   49   57   65   69   74   77   80   82   83   84   85   86   90   92   94   95   97   98  100
  43     39   49   55   63   69   73   76   78   80   82   83   84   85   92   93   94   96   97   99  100
  44     39   48   55   62   67   71   75   78   80   80   82   84   86   93   96   97   98   98   99  100
  45     37   47   55   61   65   70   73   76   78   80   81   84   86   94   97   98   98   99   99  100
  46     36   46   53   59   63   68   71   75   77   79   83   85   86   93   96   97   98   98   99  100
  47     34   44   51   57   62   66   70   75   77   80   83   85   86   93   94   95   96   98   99  100
  48     34   44   50   54   60   64   69   74   77   80   84   86   87   92   92   94   95   97   98  100
  49     33   42   48   53   58   63   68   74   77   81   84   86   87   92   91   93   95   96   98  100
  50     31   41   46   51   57   61   67   74   77   81   85   87   87   91   90   92   94   96   98  100
  51     30   39   45   51   56   61   67   74   75   80   83   85   85   90   90   92   94   96   98  100
  52     29   38   45   50   56   62   68   74   75   79   81   83   84   90   90   92   94   96  100  100
  53     28   37   43   49   57   62   68   73   74   77   79   81   83   89   89   91   93  100  100  100
  54     28   36   43   49   57   63   69   73   74   75   78   80   81   87   89   91  100  100  100  100
  55     26   35   42   49   57   63   69   73   73   74   76   78   79   86   87  100  100  100  100  100
  56     26   35   42   49   56   62   67   71   72   74   76   78   79   85  100  100  100  100  100  100
  57     26   35   42   49   55   61   66   69   72   73   76   78   79  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  58     28   36   43   49   55   59   63   68   69   72   76   78  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  59     28   36   43   49   54   57   63   67   68   70   76  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  60     28   36   43   49   53   57   61   64   67   69  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  61     26   35   42   48   52   56   59   63   66   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  62     26   33   41   47   51   55   58   62   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  63     25   33   41   46   51   55   57   80   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  64     25   33   40   45   50   53   80   80   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  65     24   32   39   44   49   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  66     24   32   39   44   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  67     24   32   39   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  68     24   32   68   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  69     24   64   68   72   72   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  70     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  71     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  72     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  73     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  74     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  75     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  76     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75   80  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  77     60   60   64   68   68   72   75   75  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  78     60   60   64   68   68   72   75  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  79     60   60   64   68   68   72  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  80     60   60   64   68   68  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  81     60   60   64   68  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  82     60   60   64  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  83     60   60  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  84     60  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
  85+   100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100  100
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000.    14VAC5-319-80. Severability.    If any provisions of this regulation or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is for any reason held to be invalid, the remainder of the rules comprising this regulation and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.   Statutory Authority  §§  12.1-13  and  38.2-223  of the Code of Virginia.  Historical Notes  Derived from Virginia Register  Volume 16, Issue 5 , eff. January 1, 2000.
                     Website addresses provided in the Virginia Administrative Code to documents incorporated by reference are for the reader's convenience only, may not necessarily be active or current, and should not be relied upon. To ensure the information incorporated by reference is accurate, the reader is encouraged to use the source document described in the regulation.
                     As a service to the public, the Virginia Administrative Code is provided online by the Virginia General Assembly. We are unable to answer legal questions or respond to requests for legal advice, including application of law to specific fact. To understand and protect your legal rights, you should consult an attorney.

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